The Quantum Of Continuity :: essays research papers

<a href="http//philosophos.tripod.com">http//philosophos.tripod.comThe problem of continuum versus discreteness seems to be related to the issue of infinity and finiteness. The number of points in a line served as the logical floodgate which led to the development of Set Theory by Cantor at the end of the 19th century. It took almost another century to butt on the problematic nature of some of Cantors thinking (Cohen completed Godels work in 1963). But continuity can be finite and the connection is, most times, tawdry rather than illuminating. Intuition tells us that the world is continuous and contiguous. This seems to be a state of things which is devoid of characteristics other than its very existence. And yet, whenever we direct the microscope of scientific discipline at the world, we encounter quantized, segregated, distinct and discrete pictures. This atomization seems to be the natural state of things - why did evolution resort to the false perception of continu um? And how can a machine which is bound to be discrete by virtue of its "naturalness" - the brain - perceive a continuum? The continuum is an external, mental category which is imposed by us on our observations and on the resulting data. It serves as an idealized approximation of reality, a model which is asymptotic to the Universe "as it is". It gives rise to the concepts of quality, emergence, function, derivation, influence (force), interaction, fields, (quantum) measurement, processes and a host of other holistic ways of relating to our environment. The other pole, the quantized model of the world conveniently gives rise to the complementary set of concepts quantity, causality, observation, (classic) measurement, language, events, quants, units and so on. The private, macroscopic, low velocity instances of our physical descriptions of the universe (theories) be to be continuous. Newtonian time is equated to a river. Space is a yarn. Einstein was the last clas sicist (relativity just means that no classical observer has any preference over another in formulating the laws of physics and in performing measurements). His space-time is a four dimensional continuum. What commenced as a matter of numeral convenience was transformed into a hallowed doctrine homogeneity, isotropy, symmetry became enshrined as the cornerstones of an almost religious outlook ("God does not play dice"). These were assumed to be "objective", "observer independent" qualities of the Universe. There was supposed to be no preferred direction, no clustering of mass or of energy, no time, charge, or parity asymmetry in elementary particles.

Searching for the Location of Creativity :: Biology Essays Research Papers

Searching for the Location of CreativityWhat causes an artist to feel so passionate to the highest degree his work? What leads the artist in his choice of an outlet for his creativity? What is it that inspires the artist? Is it possible that all of this is formed completely in the artists mind? Is it the case that the hand of creativity and genius is given to some individuals and not others, or is the gift of creativity merely the plague of a mental disorder? Do these artists up to now have anything in common?Whitman tends to believe that some nonpareil does have something in common with him. This is best demonstrated through his poem Among the Multitude.Among the men and women the multitude,I discriminate one picking me out by secret and divine signs, Acknowledging none else, not parent, wife, husband, brother, child,Any nearer than I am,Some are baffled, but that one is not that one knows me.Ah go to sleepr and perfect equal ,I meant that you should split me so by faint indi rections,And I when I meet you mean to discover you by the like in you.Here Whitman demonstrates a similarity between people because of some common ground. Although this poem is meant to express a hidden love between a man and a woman, the idea of a common ground work between people can be positioned between artists. In this work Whitman is saying that people with this tie between them know that it is there and can recognize it in an instant. Great artists with a creative nature region a passion for their art as well as a unique way of expressing it. Where does this passion and ability for unique expression come from? in that location seems to be a myth encompassing the artists with madness. Could it be that this genius is only the result of a mental disorder? Diana Applegate seems to have explored this in her paper Toward a Neurobiology of Creativity? Making Connections Between Art, Manic-Depressive Illness, and the Frontotemporal Dementia. She uses Dr. Kay Redfield Jamisons book , Touched With Fire Manic-Depressive Illness and the Artistic Temperament, as a main resource. Her final cultivation from this is that, Jamisons book does not provide us with any answers, but it raises several new and interesting questions. If the behavioral characteristics of the creative process are similar to those of a genetic, neurobiologically-related disorder, then it is conceivable that creativity arises from the interaction of certain neurons in the brain.

The Creation of Disneyland Essay -- Walt Disney 1950s

The Creation of DisneylandWalt Disney The Early YearsWalter Elias Disney was born on December 5, 1901. He was the fourth of five children born to Elias and plant life Disney. Elias was a fairly unsuccessful businessman, who moved the family from city to city in search of financial success. When Walt was four, they moved from their home in Chicago to a uprise in Marceline, Missouri. Walts time in Marceline provided him with the vision for Main Street USA (Francavigilia, 1981). His frequent associations with animals would also be keep up evident in his afterward cartoons (Bryman, 4). In 1910, the family left over(p) Marceline and moved to Kansas City. Elias was a strict taskmaster who often beat his children. This led to Walts two oldest brothers deserting the family. Another brother, Roy, left to go help an uncle on a farm. Although they were no womb-to-tomb living together, Roy and Walt remained close.In 1919, Walt got a job as a cartoonist at a commercial art studio in Kansas C ity. That job did not finishing long, and following a failed attempt at starting his own business, Walt began to work for the Kansas City Film Ad Company. During this time, he seriously explored the world of animation. Success, however, did not come easily to Walt, and he soon decided that he had to leave Kansas City. In 1923, he carried just $40 in his pocket and left for Hollywood.Walts brother Roy, who was already living in Los Angeles, provided Walt with some financial backing and contacted a distributor about Walts first animation Alices Wonderland. Working together with Roy, the brothers opened Disney Bros. Studio (It would later be known as Walt Disney Studio). Roy handled the business operations and Walt specialized in the animated productions. Although produ... ...jects. James Rouse, an accomplished architect has credited Walt Disney for providing much of his inspiration. In auxiliary to suburban malls, Rouse has created Baltimores Harborplace and capital of Massachusett ss Faneuil Hall Marketplace (Hine, 152). Although Walt Disney died in 1966, his ideas can still be found across the globe. works CitedAdams, Judith A. The American Amusement Park Industry. Boston Twayne, 1991.Bryman, Alan. Disney and his Worlds. New York Routledge, 1995Francavigilia, R.V. (1981) Main Street USA a comparison / contrast of streetscapes in Disneyland and Walt Disney World, Journal of Popular Culture, 15 141-156Justdisney.com. 18 Apr. 2004 http//www.justdisney.com/disneyland/history.htmlThomas Hine, Populuxe (New York Knopf, 1986), 152.Works ConsultedMarling, Karal Ann. Designing Disneys Theme Parks. New York Flammario, 1997.

Goethes Faust - A Man of Un-heroic Proportions Essay -- Faust Essays

Faust A Man of Un- scrapperic Proportions In Faust, Goethe builds a dramatic poem around the strengths and weaknesses of a soldiery who under a modify definition of a hero fails miserably. A hero is someone that humanity models themselves and their actions after, someone who can be revered by the masses as an single(a) of great morality and strength, a man or woman that never sacrifices his beliefs under adversity. Therefore, done his immoral actions and his un provideingness to respect others rights and privileges, Faust is determined to be a man of un-heroic proportions. It is seen early in the poem, that Faust has very strong beliefs and a tight moral code that is deeply rooted in his quest for knowledge. Sitting in his den, Faust describes his areas of instruction, I have, alas, studied philosophy, jurisprudence and medicine, too, and, worst of all, theology with keen endeavor, through and through... It is obvious that through his studies he has valued deep and critical th inking, however with the assistance of Mephisto, he would disregard his values and pursue the pleasures of the flesh. Fausts impending downward spiral reveals the greed that both Mephisto and Faust share. Mephistos greed is evident in the hope that he will overcome Fausts morality and thus be victorious in his wager with God also because he is the devil and that is what he does. For Faust, greed emerges because of his desire to unwrap physical pleasures and therefore become whole in mind, body and spirit. Fausts goal to become the berminche is an understandable desire, however, the means at which he strives for those ends are irresponsible and unjust. It is through this greed that Faust with the help of Mephisto exploit others in the pursuit... ... dishonest and greedy to such a wondrous and magical location only because he admits that what he did was wrong. Attaining characterization into heaven is the only accomplishment that Faust makes in order to attain hero status. Eve n this final accomplishment is questionable, because God would not allow a man so unworthy to accompany people who have such a high moral standard and irrefutable grace. Faust then, neither falls under the untainted definition of a hero except that he was, ...favored by the gods and he does not fit into my personal definition of a hero. For Faust is not someone whose actions should be followed, he sacrificed his beliefs under adversity and most importantly he destroyed anyones life if it conflicted to any aspect of his plan for superiority. Faust then, may be considered the greatest un hero to have ever attain passage into heaven.

Melville and Nathaniel Hawthorne :: essays research papers

In the summer of 1850 Melville purchased an eighteenth-century farmhouse in the community of Pittsfield in Berkshire County, Massachusetts. Berkshire was whence home to a number of prominent literary figures such as Fanny Kemble, Oliver Wendell Holmes, James Russell Lowell, and, in Lenox, less than six miles from Melville, Nathaniel Hawthorne.The two authors met for the first sentence in Stockbridge on August 5, 1850, on a picnic excursion hosted by David Dudley Field. Hawthorne was forty-six and was familiar with at least a portion of Melvilles work, having favorably reviewed Typee in the Salem Advertiser (March 25, 1846) Melville was thirty-one and had just written or was about to write an exceedingly warm and enthusiastic piece on Hawthornes Mosses From an gray-headed Manse, a copy of which had been given to him by an aunt a few weeks before.Early in the course of the excursion, a sudden thunderstorm forced the party to take shelter, giving Melville and Hawthorne an opportuni ty to become better acquainted. The two men took to each other at once, and as their conversation continued were delighted to uplift a growing bond of mutual sympathy and comprehension. Two days later Hawthorne wrote to a friend "I liked Melville so much that I take hold asked him to spend a few days with me." This would be the first of a series of visits, supplemented by written correspondence, that would continue until the gradual cooling out of the friendship late in 1852.In the beginning the relationship was a great source of comfort and intellectual stimulation to Melville, who believed he had finally effectuate the soul mate for whom he had been yearning. As Sophia Hawthorne observed, "Mr. Melville, generally silent and uncommunicative, pours out the rich floods of his mind and experience to Nathaniel Hawthorne, so sure of apprehension, so sure of a large and generous interpretation, and of the most delicate and fine judgment." Hawthornes influence, in fact , is credited as the prime catalyst behind Melvilles decision to transform what originally seems to have been a light-hearted whaling adventure into the dramatic masterpiece that is arguably the greatest American novel of all time.In August of 1852 Melville wrote to Hawthorne about the true story of a New England woman who had taken in and married a shipwrecked sailor only to be abandoned by him. "The Story of Agatha", Melville thought, would be a everlasting(a) subject for the application of Hawthornes talents the older man, however, felt little enthusiasm for the project and after a few desultory attempts suggested that Melville write the story himself.

Melville and Nathaniel Hawthorne :: essays research papers

In the summer of 1850 Melville purchased an eighteenth-century farmhouse in the community of Pittsfield in Berkshire County, Massachusetts. Berkshire was then home to a number of large literary figures such as Fanny Kemble, Oliver Wendell Holmes, James Russell Lowell, and, in Lenox, less than six miles from Melville, Nathaniel Hawthorne.The two authors met for the first time in Stockbridge on August 5, 1850, on a picnic excursion hosted by David Dudley Field. Hawthorne was forty-six and was familiar with at least a portion of Melvilles work, having favorably reviewed Typee in the Salem Advertiser (March 25, 1846) Melville was thirty-one and had just written or was about to write an exceedingly warm and enthusiastic piece on Hawthornes Mosses From an Old Manse, a copy of which had been given to him by an aunt a fewer weeks before.Early in the course of the excursion, a sudden thunderstorm forced the party to take shelter, giving Melville and Hawthorne an opportunity to perplex be tter acquainted. The two men took to each other at once, and as their conversation continued were delighted to discover a growing bond of interchangeable sympathy and comprehension. Two days later Hawthorne wrote to a friend "I liked Melville so much that I have asked him to spend a few days with me." This would be the first of a series of visits, supplemented by written correspondence, that would continue until the gradual cooling off of the friendship late in 1852.In the beginning the relationship was a great source of comfort and intellectual stimulation to Melville, who believed he had finally found the soul mate for whom he had been yearning. As Sophia Hawthorne observed, "Mr. Melville, generally silent and uncommunicative, pours out the rich floods of his mind and experience to Nathaniel Hawthorne, so sure of apprehension, so sure of a large and generous interpretation, and of the most keen and fine judgment." Hawthornes influence, in fact, is credited as the prime catalyst behind Melvilles decision to transform what originally seems to have been a light-hearted whaling adventure into the dramatic chef-doeuvre that is arguably the greatest American novel of all time.In August of 1852 Melville wrote to Hawthorne about the true story of a New England woman who had taken in and married a shipwrecked sailor only to be abandoned by him. "The Story of Agatha", Melville thought, would be a perfect subject for the application of Hawthornes talents the older man, however, matte little enthusiasm for the project and after a few desultory attempts suggested that Melville write the story himself.

Reevaluating Union Trade Responses

Since the 1980s academia and professionals alike have been picking at the bones of discussion regarding the decline of Trade Unions, their strategies of survival and issuing prescriptions as to the virtually suitable form Trade Unionism deal take in smart set to in advance(p)ise, compromise and indeed to qualify for a enjoyment within the new workplace. Within this plethora of discussion much is made of placing applicable amalgamations into suitable and identifiable criteria, whether it be the AEEU and its Enterprise coalescenceism or UNISONs Managerial unionism.Although these criteria whitethorn be suitable within a strict period or in order to understand a particular situation, the argument remains that they ar static and do non necessarily hypothecate the m each forms that unionism jackpot take. Indeed much of the criteria presented is regarding the union as an governance, as a argument even, and in this track does not account the most important factor, that of a Unions members and the branches within which they interact.Membership and the Collective part is the foundation of Trade Unionism, it impart therefore be argued that faced with a vernal Industrial Relations Trade Unions, in this country, have illustrated an uncoordinated climax and have merely tested solutions, moving gradually back to the social station in order to consolidate their position. Naturally there will be those unions who will stay with a tried and tested formula , however with the threatening Fairness at Work legislation unions will be given space to engage their membership rather than attempting to engage managers in attempts at acknowledgement.The reevaluation of union strategies will involve a critical analysis of both set criteria, prescriptions of moderation and a reconsideration of militancy . The argument will thus fade parts of certain criteria and aim towards methods whereby engagement and resistance may coexist issuingively enabling effective partners hip with effective representation by means of and through the direction and strong brass of union members.The term New Industrial Relations encompasses the alternate in the workplace, managerial trends, Trade Union strategies and the background signal a amassst which the play commences and varys. This backdrop consists of historical, economic and social factors which have moldd industrial relations as it now exists. Much is documented ab kayoed the gradual transformation of roles that occurred during the 1980s and certainly in the 1990s The legislative onslaught upon the Trade Unions, by the Conservative Government, effecting both their financial and nerveal fortissimo.The backing and encouragement of the growth of big business, by the Conservative Government, in order to counteract the rise of unemployment and to replace the decline in such traditional areas such as manufacturing. The rise in unemployment effected a atomisation on the workforce and ended the notion of a job for life, replacing the full time, dominantly male, workforce was the part time, temporary and the rise of the female workforce, itself transforming club and family roles. As can be seen through this chain of events the traditional base of heap unionism had disintegrated, hailing check that trade unionism is no nightlong relevant to this new workplace, criticisms that were supplemented by a falling membership and a weakened bargaining base.In extension and, to some extent, response to this business and managerial trends were macrocosm heavily influenced by both the presence of and the success of international companies who were utilising new management proficiencys. The twain main trends that will be briefly discussed, in regards to their effect on Trade Union renewal, are that of Japanisation and Human Resource Management primarily through the work culture they wish to produce rather than their clear workplace structures. It is to be noted, in regards to these two trends (which themselves have overlapping features), that two academic criteria have arisen in direct response and with distinct and reflective attributes, these two response criteria are Enterprise Unionism and Managerial Unionism .Enterprise Unionism can be best described in conjunction with the Japanisation of British Industry. Japanisation occurred not only through the presence of Japanese companies in Britain (Hitachi, Nissan etc.) but too through British business observations of the success if Japanese Business, therefore the outcome is twofold with Japanese businesses applying their business culture to their British subsidiaries and British business borrowing the interrupt parts of Japanisation for themselves. The main aims of Japanese practices is best described by White and Trevor (1983) in that they aim to create a stable workforce with a high direct of commitment to the beau monde highly cooperative in accepting change, extremely unwilling to enter into strikes or any othe r forms of conflict, and generally putting the companys interests level with or even forward of its deliver. The outcome is a high and rising level of harvestingivity, and an altogether easier climate in which management can plan for changes in products and processesDedication to the company and its ideals goes one step further when applied to the workplace and the presence of a trade union. The most obvious outcome is that the very existence of a trade union, and in deed its historical connotations, acids towards an adversarial situation and a separation of ideals and goals. In order to counteract this fragmented family Japanisation as well as endorses the case for the single union deal.The very notion of the single union deal explains the terminology applied to those unions who seek them, for in order to get the deal one essential put forward the best business case. The context and result of this situation is typified by the case of the EETPU and Hitachi, this union deal (being the first of many) can be give tongue to to have heightened the debate regarding the direction of Trade Unions and also bringing into question..many of the core concerns of trade unions, including the sanctity of traditional territorial boundaries between one unions membership constituency and anothers, the extent to which unions should pursue their objectives via a consensual or a conflictual relationship with management, and to the degree to which, in contemporary work settings, unions can influence the ground rules of the union-management relationship, or are subject to managerial definitions of the basis upon which those relationships will operate.This active approach to single union deals gives rise to the aforementioned case case-putting, more candidly described as the beauty contest These contests, as illustrated by the EETPU deal, can result in no strike deals , pendulum arbitration and the creation of Employee Board. Employee Boards may or may not include union re ps and indeed their very existence has led to some critics to argue that such agreements bind unions through institutional command to company councils (Ogasawara and Stewart, 1992) .This obvious circumvention of traditional substitute channels and the active promotion of employer friendly unionism could entail the union flex a mere guard stamp or an empty shell, and is itself an argument for internal organisation to build internal strength before these deals are even considered. A further criticism of this approach can be drawn from two AEU deals with Nissan and Toyota whereby recognition, via a single union agreement, was given before recruitment took place, taking potential memberships choice out of the equation and leaving no real alternative in regards to union response.Justifiably the EETPU and the AEU are the epitome of Enterprise Unionism, their subsequent merger and their steady gain of membership perhaps promote their evasive action. These tactics, however, give rise t o the questions as to whether numbers are more important than effective representation, admittedly the larger the union, the louder its voice, however when this voice is muted by employer dictated deals the situation does require a reconsideration of a unions aims and objectives.If business Unionism is placed at the out-of-the-way(prenominal) right of the union response spectrum, then the Managerial Union can be placed in the middle due to its response to the individualization of the contract and work experience by Human Resource Management (HRM)HRM can be seen as digesting upon the individual at work, with an emphasis on flexibility, training and pay and rewards, emphasising a rhetoric of joint aims between the Employer and Employee. It is the main strand of this rhetoric, individualisation, that can be seen as the most active in the modern workforce. In response to this individualisation and the decline of collective bargaining that the rise of the managerial servicing relations hip can be seenWeneed to see our members as our nodes. As sophisticated users of services, commonwealth will make choices depending on what impresses them about a particular company or product and what is in it for them. They have become used to high stock(a)s and have expectations based on those standards. It is in this framework of node choice, that unions increasingly have to stake their claim to recruitment. We need to reassess what people really want from a union and what will make them join.This trend towards consumerism is often coupled with a reorganisation of union structure to encompass a servicing relationship in regards to the new workforce. This structural change can be seen in both the GMB, MSFs and UNISONs structures that promote representative channels for women, young people, ethnic minorities and disabled workers . These channels are themselves serviced by Full Time Officers. A structural description of a servicing relationship is given by Bob Carter and Gavin Poynter (fig.1).Within this structure it is clearer to see how this form of unionism could facilitate a partnership at work, its reliance on full time officers allows for a direct filtering down of National Policy and can circumvent the actions of any unattractive activism, which is further weakened by a reliance on the union for advice. This is an integral approach on behalf of unions, such as UNISON, who increasingly came to advance the concept of a closely- disciplined, politically sensitive and well-coordinated approach totrade unionism (Terry, 1996) . Terry goes further stating that COHSE and NUPE were concerned that the new union would become an activist union, with the risks that activists might become detached from the members.This reliance on servicing to circumvent activism has caused the worry of inactivity at branch level and the rise of passive consumerism, recruitment is not being paired with strong organisation at branch level. This idea of creating an active branch is illustrated by the TGWU past and present campaigns , which further illustrate the problems of a servicing relationship and the possibilities of a in store(predicate) of self-organising unionism, an approach that UNISON itself has recently approached on with its Beactive Campaign. This response can also be seen as an indication that mere moderancy and partnership do not necessarily reap much reward in regards to members.With an emphasis on Organising and therefore transforming the relationship from what can the union do for me? towards a more proactive What can we do for our union? , unions can only nurture such a relationship through the realisation that the antagonistic relationship between worker and employee is a continual matter that necessitate to be addressed in collective strengthThe policy question for unions would thus appear to be how to adapt collective organization to meet new circumstances rather than how to replace it with passive consumerism (Kelly and Waddingto n 1995)Kelly illustrates this argument with evidence regarding the falling success rate of unions in regards to recognition cases, the marginalising of Stewards and most evokely the view of the strike being beneficial in terms other than those directly involved. Kelly argues that strikes retain and in some cases recruit members through the illustration of a Unions strength and commitment to the Collective with the prospect of a heightening of the ideology of conflictual interests among this Collective.The most important part of Kellys argument is its acceptance and recognition of external constraints, namely the managerial and economic trends outlined previously ,in recognition of these constraints it would be necessary to add to Kellys theory the need for effective training and education of lay officials in the responses to these techniques in order to achieve the pragmatism that Kelly prescribes.Resistance to any new Employer technique can be seen as a natural response to anythin g new however Trade Unions need to ensure that lay officials are able to jazz benefits and pitfalls and approach likewise. A National Policy of Servicing and Partnership do not translate well at workplace level causing dementia of activists and poor responses as can be seen by the TGWU experience at Volvo in the 1990s, the insight to which is provided by one of Volvos Swedish ManagersWhen I locomote here in December 1990 the problem we had was not so much the people as the way the way they were used to working, especially on the union side.the problem we had with the union was that they did not have enough information or knowledge needed to bring out their lay of view. It is important that when transaction with a system you have to have a strong union with strong people who work well and believe in what they do..it takes a long time and that is what has happened hereThat is a result of history, because they have not trusted the manager and they are not used to doing things thems elves and taking responsibility for change (Swedish Production Director, Workington)The cycle of this achievement can be formualised as issueg organisationg educationg unityg action . Moderate Unionism ignores the potential of issues to unite its membership, the servicing model may recognise the issues but does not give the issue to the member to understand and merely prescribes a National Policy, Enterprise Unionism has no real strength behind any action to place upon an issue. It is these weaknesses which beg the return to the Traditions of Militancy with a new informed attitude.There is no indication that Trade Unions are about to go the way of the dinosaurs however they could well seal the fate bestowed upon them by Basset and Cave ( that of a mere provider of services). This fate can only be provided by recognising that traditional antagonisms still exist and recruit and organise around this while still engaging the realisation that parts of the New Industrial Relations are ben eficial to workers. Moderation in Unions is not effective as a National Policy, indeed not even realistic, whereas the authority of members through democratic structures within the Union will build a strong organisation which can recognise and compromise with managerial trends on its own terms could well hold them in good stead.It is within this context that renewal, rather than replacement, can be viewed. The future context of these arguments will make interesting viewing namely the impending Fairness at Work legislation and the Trade Union recruitment of Young Workers, in order to contract the demographic change occurring within its membership, whether Trade Unions will achieve a cultural change which will nurture a new generation of activists could well determine the future of the role of Trade Unions and depends very much on the Unions ability to Acheve rather than receive members.Reevaluating Union Trade ResponsesThe following report shall essay the grandness of the implement ation of the market school of thought and shall highlight the importance off this idea to be shared by all functions within the company including go by management, finance, production right down to the customer service representatives. The report will also attempt to measure the degree and success of such an implementation with assess to the cut across Motor Co.Henry crossway started his working life as an engineer for the Edison Lighting Company Detroit, in 1884. crossing by chance, came across a science journal written by Nicholas Otto, a German engineer who was developing the internal combustion engine. get across became very interested, some say infatuated, and he decided to build his own. In the Following years crossroad have become the worlds second largest car manufacturer in the world.Until recent years the cross Motor Co have famously used the production concept. An example of this is when Henry Fords whole business philosophical system was to protect the producti on of the Model T so that its costs could be reduced and in turn more people could afford it. He once joked you can have it in any colour as long as it was black.(Kotler, 1996)Since falling behind the Japanese manufacturers in customer focus and service terms, Ford have quickly changed their focus and concept and are attempting to implement an all pervading merchandising ism in order to win back the confidence of consumers.Marketing must now perforate a business entire operation to win the confidence of consumers. (Jane Simms, Marketing Nov 23, 2000)The marketing concept provides a single prescription for running a business happyly. The consumer must be recognised and accepted as the focal point for all business activities and knowledge of consumer needs and wants should be a starting point for all major business decisions. (Raymond and Barkinsale, corporate strategic planning and corporate marketing, Business Horizons, Vol 32, no3, 1989).These definitions clearly indicate the pi votal role that a marketing philosophy and consumer focus play in the success of an organisation, if decent shared by all functions.The marketing philosophy can be expressed as the means of operating within an organizational philosophy, the philosophy will be regarded as the medium which governs all organizational life. (Robert E. Morgan, Management decision, 1996).This quote signifies how marketing can exist and operate as a companys whole business philosophy. An example of a company who has begun to implement the marketing philosophy passim all functions with massive success is Ford Motor Co. After falling sales revenue due to focusing on production and finance orientations, Ford decided to become a market- lie organisation.The market oriented firm is one which successfully applies the marketing concept. The term market oriented is preferred to marketing oriented as this highlights the organisational large-minded application. (Sonny Nwanko, Journal of consumer marketing, Vol 12, Nov 1995).Fords Application of the Marketing philosophyFord is zeroing in on the consumer and is currently in the first year of a five-year revitalisation plan to get back to basics and rebuild relationships with customers through the organization wide marketing philosophy.According to Fords General marketing manager Daryl hazelnut tree our aim is to transform Ford from a solid performer as an automotive manufacturer to a superior performer as a customer center company.Ford realise that their success in this proposed changeDepends on the degree of implementation of the marketing concept throughout the company. (Bernard, 1987)Ford is just one company who realise that the marketing must not be confined to the marketing department but must be organisational wide pervading all functions. Ford has used marketing for many years in the form of advertize and public relations. Now Ford are using the marketing discipline throughout the organisation they are achieving uttermost better results. However, many companies struggle in implementing this concept due to a lack of understanding.Much of the awe over the years in defining marketing and understanding the marketing concept results from a failure to make these 3 distinctions between marketing as a culture, as a strategy and as a tactic (Webster, 1992)This quote is referring to the error that many companies make that marketing is simply just advertising and selling rather than identifying the needs and wants of their customers and satisfying these desires through marketing information and strategies.Ford have attempted to combat such errors by hiring more marketing people who understand these concepts and are able to clearly outline the companys marketing objectives in order for all staff to understand these objectives, and in turn create satisfied customers. In order to satisfy these customers Ford must truly understand the psychological and social factors, which determines the customers action.Market orienta tion is the organisation wide generation of market intelligence pertaining to current and future customer needs, dissemination of the intelligence across departments an organisation wide responsiveness to it. (Kohli and Jaworski 1990)This highlights that in order to maximise the relationship with a customer through marketing, a strong intelligence system must be developed to understand the current expectancy level of the customers.To enable Ford to gain this information they conducted a market research survey of live customers and discovered that after sales service was of preponderant importance to their customers. Ford then devised and implemented a new customer service department, providing solutions and care to their customers. This came in the form of Ford Business Solutions allowing one point of contact for the customer without them being shunted around between departments looking for the appropriate member of staff to deal with their problem.This allowed relationships betw een the company and customer to flourish. By importantly differentiating themselves from their competitors Ford have created outstanding value for their customers and also in turn they will find it easier to quickly anticipate their customers forthcoming needs due to the better understanding of the customer. This clearly illustrates the marketing philosophy permeating through the company and adheres to the following definition.Placing a major emphasis on the analysis of the target markets needs and wants, and delivering the desired propitiation more efficiently and effectively than competitors. (Kotler 1996).The next step in the marketing objectives outlined by Ford was to assign brand managers to each product line. The main reason for this was to enable them to clearly understand the target market that a particular product line was aimed at, and in turn modify effectiveness and develop this consumer orientation accordingly.The necessity for firms to identify the basic customer ne eds and wants and bound their product accordingly(Levitt, 1960).This idea has been clearly illustrated in the tactics employed by the brand managers of Ford. The customers who buy different products require different features and benefits from them and the brand managers at Ford must try to understand this and differentiate their product from similar products offered by competitors. An example of this within Ford is what added extras now come as standard with the product due to the customers needs and expectations escalating. Air conditioning, air bags, baron steering and A.B.S. are features, which would have been paid for as extras only a few years ago, are now however appearing on the standard model of most of the Ford cars. This indicates that the brand managers, manufacturing team and the product development staff are effectively utilizing the marketing concept.We have had some very forward-looking ideas and campaigns as a result of having people focus on a particular market. (Hazel, Marketing manager Ford).The production and design team were also educated in the marketing concept to ensure this newly adopted marketing philosophy reached all functions of the business. By introducing the production and design team to strategies such as market research they were able to understand the customer they were designing and building the product for.Through this research it was discovered that the customer no longer wanted the box shaped cars which the majority of car manufacturers were producing, but the consumers were beginning to desire a more aero dynamic look. Ford was able to react extremely quickly to this by releasing models such as the Ford KA and the Ford Focus. Older models such as the Ford Fiesta were rejuvenated and also giving a new aero dynamic shape.This promotes a more pragmatic assessment of the market place one which is likely to reveal the customer as being at the heart of the organisations strategy process a partner of the organisation. (Nw anko, 1995).A truly high profile customer oriented organisation will, for example define its product in customer specific terms. (Nwanko, 1995).Ford achieved this through the launch of a customer magazine. The Ford magazine plays a pivotal role in the development of customer loyalty and prospecting programme to cement and improve Fords position as the United Kingdoms number one car manufacturer. The marketing philosophy is the major focus within the magazine this is highlighted in a study using 40 focus groups concentrating on the target audiences and to create a referee empathy with a major feature on Why I love my Ford a photojournalism essay rare in such customer magazines. This allows Ford to build strong relationships with the customers.Ford has also understood that measuring the satisfaction of the customers is a key element in the marketing philosophy. Therefore in addition to the thoughts on the product survey they have introduced a satisfaction and service experience surv ey. Studies are done as early as 90 days and as long as four years after the initial purchase. This definitely implies that Ford are beginning to successfully implement and understand the importance of this concept and how all departments have a part to play. Ford brand sales and service satisfaction continues to improve every month and so far in 2002, both measures are indicating an all time high.This would clearly indicate that there is a certain degree of success with the introduction of the marketing philosophy and highlights the importance of it being shared by all functions in customer terms. Internal and third party measures of satisfaction provided by Ford credit and cycles/second are also tracked. The customer in the provider contract category in a 2001 consumer financing study rated Ford credit highest. Internal satisfaction studies showed 84 percent of customers who finance or lease with Ford credit were completely or very satisfied and 90 percent would recommend Ford cr edit to friends and family members.With the introduction of such ventures throughout the organisation it would appear Ford have a high degree of implementation of the marketing philosophy through all functions within the organisation.The marketing philosophy focuses directly on three key issues of customer orientation, integrated effort and profit direction. (McGee and Spiro, 1998)This quote highlights the three key aspects of the marketing philosophy and it would appear that Ford have adhered to this basic framework, although it is imperative that Ford do not rest on their laurels and must continue to develop this philosophy to maintain market share or achieve potential growth.The aim must be to move to the next level of connecting with customers, and how they can introduce the new products they are launching to them. One key tactic, which would allow Ford to do this would be to attempt through marketing communications to latch onto a few small differences between their own product s and the products offered by competitors and advertise these differences heavily.Managers at Ford must also continue to be informed of the crucial role that market research can play in the company achieving this customer orientation. The role of market research in a customer orientation context is of extreme importance. It is imperative that Ford continue to constantly conduct market research in order to identify new and existing customers and their needs, help to set performance indicators, and in monitoring the companies performance progress and finally to gain the information to help with the successful introduction of any changes. such(prenominal) a process would ensure the continued development of the marketing philosophy through the organisation. If Ford can do this they will continue to be successful in the implementation of the marketing philosophy.Research indicates that companies which focus on boosting loyalty among customers and staff will reap the long term benefits. (Donkin, 1997)Ford must also understand that to achieve this the top level management must be focused on the marketing orientation.The pursuit of customer driven goals requires, first and foremost, a customer oriented attitude on the part of the organisations top leaders and customer driven organisational systems. (Felton, 1959)Therefore top management must be apprised that to effectively implement this marketers should be leading cross functional teams to ensure this pan company marketing works as these marketers would ensure the following was properly managedCustomer focused techniques such as total customer experience and customer relationship management and correctly measuring every part of the organisation was evaluated against what it has contributed to these factors. (Simms, 2000).Strategic customer orientation management presents a new opportunity for organisations and should be regarded as a positive and competitive marketing tool. A way forward is for managers to pay seri ous attention to the internal dynamics of the organisation systems and structure, which were supportive of, and well attained to an overall culture of customer orientation (Nwanko, 1995)Ford are a company who seem to have understood this idea and set up a structure which allows support for all functions of the organisation to perfect the results of the customer orientation and hopefully gain new customers through this and retain existing customers in order to expand the business.It is clear that Ford have had considerable success due to implementing the marketing philosophy throughout all internal functions of the organisation functions, however they must continue to develop this using the recommendations previously made. unbroken monitoring of customers and their needs and wants in conjunction with analysing the actions of competitors is imperative for Ford to maintain or grow their market share .If Ford can do this they will have achieved their ambition of transforming from a so lid performer as an automotive manufacturer to a superior performer as a customer focused company.

How does Shakespeare create sympathy for Macbeth in the play? Essay

In the play Macbeth is portrayed as a tragic hero whose injudicious actions led by his vaulting ambition has resulted in a fatal ending which helps in creating a great deal of sympathy for Macbeth. for the first time Shakespeargon creates sympathy for Macbeth through his more ambitious wife Lady Macbeth. She plays a major role in creating sympathy for Macbeth as she insults his masculinity be saying Was the hope drunk Wherein you dressd yourself ?,which gives Macbeth no other cream precisely to follow her. Shakespeares of rhetorical questions conveys how Lady Macbeth is manipulating Macbeth to kill Duncan. This for the Shakespearian audience would be quite shocking as she verbally bombards a pass who was supposed to be really manly and aggressive, but Macbeth doesnt really say anything back to her which is showing how he is been controlled by her.Furthermore, she uses personification which is another of her manipulative skill which reminds him about his ambition to be the Thane of Cawdor because drunken people often forget things. The audience see Lady Macbeth do this several times during Act1 snap 7 when she insults his sanity. For example, she says to screw his courage which leaves Macbeth to be feeble and accede what Lady Macbeth say him to do. Secondly, Shakespeare presents Macbeth as a victim of the scary encounter of Banquos Ghost. Firstly Macbeth ordains the ghost to never shake Thy gory locks at him when he first catches the sight of the ghost. Macbeths use of the imperative his fatal attempts to take control of the supernatural, show a coup doeil of the brave soldier the audience meet at the beginning of the play. He uses abominable imagery which portrays the disgusting and scary looks of the ghost as the audience wouldnt be able to see the ghost in the play.Furthermore the use of exclamation mark depicts Macbeths horror and fear, this is ironic as he was the one who got Banquo Murdered, also Shakespeare presents Macbeth as overthrown by Banquo a nd that Banquo was supposed to be the king as in the stage direction it says that Banquo ghost is sitting in Macbeths place ,showing how Macbeth doesnt deserve his place making him an outcast rather than a powerful king. Furthermore, Shakespeare portrays how Macbeth is an ordinary man who is desperate for more approach pattern life. Macbeth mentions how he wants fare, obedience, troops of friends which lacks in his life. He uses long sentence filled with a list of things a king would have had and also which a are really essential for every human. Macbeths use of the word obedience which he once had when he was a loyal soldier, recalling his past gives a glimpse of Macbeths regret over his nefarious actions.In addition, this is showing that he is tired of living the way he is and suggesting his love for lady Macbeth which has not returned to him as the audience cant see this throughout the play. Moreover, when he finally loses Lady Macbeth when she kills herself, audience can then see that his chance of getting love is lost as he has lost everything he has. Moreover, Shakespeare creates a contrast between noble Macbeth at the beginning and devil Macbeth toward the end of the play when Macbeth has wrick an odious tyrant who doesnt show any remorse in even kill his own best friend or even killing innocent Macduffs baby. Shakespeare gives Macbeth a title noble Macbeth which not every soldier or king would often get he and he receives this by the king himself.He goes against the divine rights of a king which states how a king is equal to god but Macbeth goes against this with the help of his wife Lady Macbeth even though his conscience reminding him that he was overstepping the mark. Shakespeares use of diabolical imagery is taking the reference of how devil who was initially a really good angel but because of his pride and going against god he was forcefully sent to hell, dealwise Macbeths was initially a really good person but because of dreary influence he is turned into the person he is.Shakespeare makes so many biblical references of Macbeth forced being like the devil throughout the play like when Lady Macbeth says him to be the serpent underneathwhich is a reference to the snake in the creation story, which helps the audience refer to this and understand more easily as they would have really similar to these concepts. In conclusion with the use of Lady Macbeth Shakespeare creates sympathy for Macbeth as she was the one who first heightened his ambitions. He knows and relishes what is good, but he has elect the opposite making his life a tragedy.

Existentialism: Sociology and Basic Existentialist Standpoint Essay

There argon six themes of existentialism the themes are classified to characterize the mode of thought of those who would call themselves existentialists.The first theme is known as existence precedes essence, which is the basic existentialist standpoint. The values in a persons life are not inherited from the society, but are solely based on their consciousness.The second theme is classified as anxiety. The nature of anxiety is like the dread of being nothing. This anxiety motivates existentialists to arrest something of their lives instead of embracing the pointless of life.The third theme of existentialism displays absurdity, there is no reason for humans to exist, nothing has a point, and its quite silly.The fourth theme is known as Nothingness, an existentialist feels as if they are defined only by their being but the beliefs and in situations that atomic number 53 lives can also be defined. An existentialist believes theyre born with nothing no prepositions can create everyt hing for themselves. Therefore an existentialist must have no structures.Death is known as the fifth theme of existentialism. Death is the final end of existence, thus death is a motivating factor in life. Everyone has a natural fear of death, but we should overcome hat fear, live life to the fullest. Let death happen because it is inevitable.Alienation displays the sixth theme of existentialism. Alienation is the isolation from society and friendly orders. It is present in society, to those individuals who create and pursue their personal desires, also not majority rules. In this theme, they do not connect with social institutions therefore an existentialist finds their society empty and meaningless.

Change Management and Communication Plan Essay

Identify the current formal and informal power structures in the organization. How readiness the power and political structure of the organization affect employee behavior? The organization structure of Riordan Manufacturing consists of the executive which ar the President, and the Executive Assistant, Senior Vice President of seek and Development and the Chief Operating Officer. The Senior Vice President of Research and Development oversees the Manager of Product Development and Manager of Research which manager the search and development department. The Vice President of Sales and Marketing oversees the Directors of Sales for custom plastics, plastic beverage containers, fans, international and the Marketing Manager. Vice President of Product deport supervises the Customer Service Representatives and the Warranty service Technician. The Chief Operating Officer supervises the all the department Vice Presidents. In the hierarchy of power in this organization, there atomic numb er 18 many levels. The political and power structure may affect employee behavior. Four different locations can cause large differences in how a crabbed location is run. One of the locations is in China.Communication between the locations can cause frustration. Many levels of management can cause information to employees to become distorted. One welkin may need more attention than others and cause employees to feel neglected or ignored by organization. deadly behavior from employees may result. Identify the roughly appropriate and effective organizational structures for Riordan Manufacturing that fall by the wayside for help them accomplish their planned changes. The proposed changes are to establish a movement of the plant in Hangzhou to Shanghai. This type of relocation will need to involve numerous departments and resources. The first stage would be exploring the costs and resources available. Financial department would need to contrast the costs of current expensed as op posed to the cost and profitability of the peeled location.Thiswould involve the cooperation of the Director of Accounting and Finance/ Controller, Financial Planning Manager, Director of Sales International, and all other managers or directors involved with the international plant. Human resources will handle employees concerns and also relocations and any new hiring. What are the potential effects of this selected structure on employee behavior? Factors that wreak the ways employees respond to their customers, leadership and work is also called organizational behavior. Identifying the internal and external factors that affect their behaviors can help the ships company understand why employees are committed and motivated. Internal factors can be leadership, organizational structure and the corporate kitchen-gardening. External factors include family life and other business relationships. Because of the proposal, employees behavior may be affected. Time and resources will be uti lized for the change and other employees may feel ignored. Employees having feelings of not being paid a completive wage may feel betrayed. Growth of the company may give positive results such as a pride for a successful addition to the company. In ordination to ensure positive change for the organization, managers should highlight positive outcomes to employees.Riordan Manufacturing must make sure all duties of the organization should be shared in the absence of employees running(a) on the change. Identify characteristics of the companys culture. What are the potential influences of the corporate culture on employee behavior? A culture is the values and practices shared by the members of the group. Company Culture, therefore, is the shared values and practices of the companys employees. Company culture is important because it can make or break your company. Companies with an adaptive culture that is line up to their business goals routinely outperform their competitors. Some stu dies report the difference at 200% or more. To achieve results like this for your organization, you take a leak to figure out what your culture is, decide what it should be, and move everyone toward the desired culture. Company cultures evolve and they change over time. As employee leave the company and replacements are hired the company culture will change. If it is a strong culture, it may not change much. However, since each new employee brings their own values and practices to the group the culture will change, at least a little.Riordan Manufacturing incorporates the primary characteristics of an organizational culture. Riordan Manufacturing beganbusiness in 1992. It has grown into a three location organization. Reviewing financial reports for the last three years, it is both financial efficient and allocates coin to research and development, which aids in keeping a competitive edge. This evidence of stability is also supported by the benefits is offers to employees. Some to t he benefits available to employees include 401(k) manner of speaking Plan, Educational Financial Assistance and Flexible Spending Accounts. Offering competitive wages along with these benefits promotes stability in the organization.Riordan Manufacturing encourages innovation by offering employee trace program and use an HRIS frame to monitor employees information. The process of inventory and production are good examples of the organization of paying attention to details. People orientation and aggroup orientation are introduced through new employee orientation and continuing training. Employees are cross-trained and work together in teams to achieve goals. Riordan Manufacturing aggressiveness is mild. The everyday operations are formal, but are open to new ideas and different ways to gain competitive edge. The corporate culture of the organization affects the behavior of employees. Positive culture that provides structure, professionalism, encourages employees and provides a se nse of belonging will encourage employees to be productive and loyal. A disorganized or incompetent culture can lead to destructive behaviors. Destructive behaviors such as dishonesty and stretching can cause work projects to suffer and cost an organization large amounts of funds and resources. Identify the potential sources of guard to change and develop strategies to manage resistance to change.The potential of resistance can benefit by opening a debate and discussion therefor having employee active to the process. Having employees engaged and giving their opinions can help evaluate their where they stand and giving the management an opportunity to explain the changes. Good strategies for management are to be papered by having answers for every question that maybe possibility to be asked by the employee. Recommend a system to implement the changes over the next 12 months. A strategy that can be implemented can be a learning organization. A learning organization can help develop ed the continuous power to change. Manager need to establish a strategy, also redesign the organization structure, and reshapethe organization culture. Describe how you will evaluate the success or bereavement of the planned change. One suggestion that we like to imamate is evaluating by giving employee a voice and allowing them to give some input. When employees give in their input they feel appreciated and tented to improve. So we just dont get better performances we also get to see a different stand point that will allow viewing things from the employees point of view. Section II Communication PlanSelect the most appropriate channels to communicate the change to the employees, and explain why you selected these channels. Identify the potential barriers to effective intercourse and strategies for overcoming the barriers. The communication method that it is used in the company is outdated and non-effective, the company communicates through a memorandum system that is limited in the amount of characters and it is also limited in the information that it can be attached and displayed on them. Although the memorandums deliver the message and information mean to, they are limited in the communication that can be shared. There are many methods of communications that would be useful for the companys intra communication network, but the ideal method would be to develop an electronic mailing network that would allow the company to send and receive electronic mails with the option choosing the mortal or persons that the message would be delivered to, and also the electronic email network would allow the sender to attach information such as documents and images.The integration of an electronic mail network would also make communication within the employees simpler and more efficient, with this type of network employees would be a click away from communicating with anyone in the company. Another method of communication that would allow employees to communicate would be to develop a blogging network in which the employees under the monitoring of the human resources department would be able blog about their concerns, questions, announcements, and ideas that would allow the company to be in complete communication. Without a proper communication method, employees see communication within the company as a barrier that make completing projects difficult and a form of an issue that creates confusion and stress within the company. Developing a new communication plan would allow employees to communicate with all the associates from the company including managementposition. With the new communication plan an open door policy is created in which employees have the right and are encouraged to ask and discuss any issue, idea, or concern they might have making the associate feel appreciated and content, change magnitude productivity, loyalty, and engagement towards the company.

Avalanches

We keep our presentations on descends in response to the newspaper study four killed by avalanches in Italy. The message appe ard on February 7 at nu.nl.Then we explain more about avalanchesAn avalanche is a big mass of snow coming follow up a campaign. An avalanche can be so great that full small towns buried by the snow, but besides a little avalanche can be lifelessly if they hit underneath.Newspaper PostFour killed by avalanches in ItalyROME / VIENNA During the weekend in northern Italy four deal killed by avalanches. That scholarship bureau ANSA reported. All the victims were Italians.On Sunday, in the mountains near Belluno a adult male by an avalanche, a second was earnestly injured. A 3rd was whole and alerted the governments.Furthermore, deliverance workers found the organic structure of the Monte Baldo, a 17-year-old male child that Saturday was struck by an avalanche. Another male child was found doomed Saturday eventide.In Lecco was eventually the organic structur e of a 50-year-old adult male found who was losing since Saturday after an avalanche.In Austria, by avalanches since Thursday killed seven people including a 35-year-old Norse, APA intelligence agency bureau reported Sunday. The hazard of avalanches remains really big, the governments said.In add-on to this notice, there are late published several articles on accidents affecting avalanchesMessage 1, 27 December ( nu.nl )Surely seven people were killed this weekend by avalanches in the Alps. The deceases occurred in cragged countries in the independent part of Trentino-South Tyrol in Italy.Four saviors died Saturday during a hunt for two losing tourers. They were maintained at a tallness of about 2000 metres buried by an avalanche.A 14-year-old snowboarder from Germany came elsewhere in the part were killed by an avalanche.In Austria, Saturday besides still contained the remains of two German skiers, who since last Monday to book were losing.Message 2, January 3 ( nu.nl )By avalanc hes in Switzerland on Sunday at least four people were killed. Surely six others were earnestly injured. The media have reported in the Alpine part.In the vale near the capital Bern Diemtigtal killed two skiers and a doctor for life.The physician belonged to a group of saviors after an avalanche had come to the deliverance and was buried under a 2nd avalanche.The 4th decease is a cross-country skiers in the Gallic talking portion of Guangzhou Valais was buried under an avalanche. About the nationality of the dead were non disclosed.Message 3, 4 January ( nu.nl )The decease toll from avalanches on Sunday in Switzerland on Monday has risen to five. One individual died of his hurts in infirmary. Three skiers are still losing Monday, the Swiss intelligence bureau SDA reported.In Austria, two German skiers of 18 and 19 old ages to life. In Diedamskopf ski country in the West of the state fell two Sundays off a incline and crashed into a ravine.The Austrian intelligence bureau APA repor ted Monday that their cadavers were found.DangersSnow Avalanches may happen if dust avalanche or sliding or rollawine. The first move at high velocity, up to 100s of kilometres per hr, and are particularly unsafe because of the tremendous force per unit area wave they create. This force per unit area moving ridge can omblazen trees and snow in the lungs of victims imperativenesss. The 2nd type of avalanche is unsafe because he people, or even full houses, and retarding forces with him to bury himself under. The snow is so pressed and frequently really troublesome to delve off. Under the snow, a deficiency of O to happen, but besides an accretion of C dioxide from the exhaled air of the victim, thereby choking. Apart from asphyxiation, many victims of avalanches die from hypothermia.The extract chance of an avalanche victim falls quickly with the transition of clip. After 45 proceedingss, just a 3rd of the victims alive from the snow be removed. presently after the deliverance is still a important hazard of decease by the alleged Bergungstod ( Salvation Death ) . It brings the blood circulation traveling in calculate every bit much waste merchandises of metamorphosis from the limbs back to the cardinal variety meats, so that it poisoned them and interrupt.With an increasing figure of skiers, take, despite security steps, the figure of avalanche victims in the Alps far. Many of them are outside the pronounced pistes.A strong substrate, such as a wood, or particular healthy fencings, subject to cut down the hazard of an avalanche in that they hold the snow or decelerating down.Categorization of hazardThe European Avalanche Scale classifies the hazard that an avalanche occurs. This categorization unremarkably refers to larger countries and gives merely a first indicant of the possible danger. Factors such as the abruptness of a incline, sneeuwverwaaiingen, temperature, Sun, clip of twenty-four hours and orientation of a incline are besides at the micro de gree besides affected. The following tabular array explains the rating graduated table. The column How frequently indicates how frequently an concoct pass in Switzerland, this state of affairs occurs.Hazard Avalanche danger How frequently Flag1 Low Merely on steep inclines and at high tonss, for illustration, by a group of skiers, avalanches can happen. Spontaneous avalanches are non expected. For 1/5 of the winter Yellow flag 2 Moderate Small self-generated avalanches are possible. On steep inclines, a individual skier cause an avalanche, groups can besides do avalanches on normal inclines. For 1/2 of the winter Yellow flag 3 Considerable Spontaneous avalanches occurred on steep inclines that besides flatter and deeper country can make. On normal inclines, a individual skier already do an avalanche. move touring, so off-piste, can merely take topographic point under the counsel of an experient usher. For 1/3 of the winte Yellow-black checkered flag 4 bounteous Large self- generated avalanches occur. It is unsafe to go forth the sphere. For several yearss per winter Black Flag 5 Very Large Extreme avalanche danger. Not merely the inclines are unsafe, even small towns and substructure such as roads and railwaies are threatened. You may necessitate to be evacuated. Rarely, an norm of 1 twenty-four hours per winter Black Flag

Mary Shelley’s classic novel Essay

The second narrator we come to is Victor, who is as well the central character in the invention. To begin with, Victor is adored by almost everyone his pargonnts his siblings the servants (Justine) and his teachers. For example, he makes this quote about his parents I was their plaything, their idol, and something better-their child Even Walton deciphers him, as a Celestial Spirit who has never-failing power of judgement it is obvious that he is loved. The referee knows that this particular(a) quote is only half true, as Victor has made some very poor judgements in the past.The reader can interpret this to achieve and heart-to-heart minded view of Victor and shows the imperfections and limitations of Walton. For example he must have very poor judgement to be able to describe Victor thus. The reader feels ambivalent to Victor. He is portrayed as a true Byronic hero, a tragic, brooding hero whose personality traits make him great and powerful but also lead to his destruction. W alton describes his as a distinguished savage in his better days, being even now in wreck so attractive and good-natured.He has a thirst for knowledge with a childs blindness-a dangerous combination. This is also a trait, which we see in Walton. Whilst he is conceal in his work he neglects everything else, leading him to become isolated. Victor is partially aware of his faults or else unable to admit them. His ambition and passion for glory attend to be his own worst enemies. This idea is re-enforced by the quote when younger, I believed myself destined for some great enterprise he then goes on to describe his passion whilst creating the whale and his senseless curiosity. However, he still blames others for his downfall. He like Walton sees himself as a victim, the implication being that he swears to pursue the demon, which caused this misery. This he says without realising it was him who caused the monster to act as such. He seems to feel that fate was inevitable but he hyp ocritically believes Walton can change his by warning him against ambition. Although he blames the monster for his downfall, Victor alternately blames himself for the deaths of William and Justine.He also seems to believe in destiny and divine judgement, yet has no guilt over grave robbing to prepare his monster and believes him destined for happiness even though he has sinned. This leads us to believe that Victor is full of self-contradiction. Our feelings alter towards Victor throughout the novel. From chapter five beforehand we see him as a lonely living, plagued by sorrow and remorse. This creates pity and in keeping the monster a secret, tension. Yet, when we meet the monster, we realise that Victor has non faced up to his responsibilities and we dislike and feel critical of him.Towards the end of the novel we dislike and pity both of them. Victor is portrayed as a typical Byronic hero right until his death. His tragic demise is very Romantic, the quote I have myself been b lasted in these hopes, yet another may succeed as he parts from the world implies that he has the Romantic hope that some may succeed in ambition where he has failed. He cannot abandon his noble character, even in the face of death. Towards the middle of the novel, the monster relates his story and becomes the third narrator.Constructed from parts of corpses, Victor achieves the impossible by bringing him to life. Victor describes his appearance as such his yellow skin scarcely covered the muscles and arteries beneath his lustrous black hair teeth of pearly whiteness watery eyes shrivel up complexion and straight black lips. This description of his gruesome appearance fills the reader with both disgust and pity. His physical strength is greatly enhanced, subsequently making him bombproof to anything but a violent death.This is how he is able to survive the dreadful conditions of the North Pole. Fitting in with his monstrous appearance, Shelley uses satanic imagery to depict the c reatures emotions, for instance, he says, I bore a hell within me. Victor also calls him demon and devil at various points in the novel. This affectional language describing the monster implies that he is an evil and demonic character who deserves to be hunted and feared. He seems to enjoy the murders of William and Justine, as if it justifies in some way, Victors neglect and hatred of him.He is only satisfied when he reduces Victor to complete despair, the same level as himself. Evidence of this is when Frankenstein has sworn to hunt the monster, he quotes I am satisfied miserable wretch You have determined to live and I am satisfied. His merciless killing of Clerval is the consequence of Victors destruction of his half finished female companion. He seeks to destroy Victor emotionally and mentally, rather than physically at first. This massacre of Frankensteins family and his fury are the result of the creatures loneliness and rejection.He begins life as an innocent creature a t heory held by many philosophers at the quantify the novel was written, including Jean-Jacques Rousseau. He influenced the young Mary Shelley in his novel Emile. His natural attraction to humans and child-like wonder at the world around him excites our attention and evokes savvy as we realise he is just like an innocent child struggling through the world alone. This great appreciation of nature, society and literature is record that the Romantic Movement influenced Shelleys writing too.We see goodness in him when he collects wood for the DeLaceys and saves a girl from drowning. The DeLacy family call him the good spirit, a total contrast from the imagery Shelley first describes him with. Our sympathy is again evoked with his desire for friendship and the prejudice he suffers from. The barrier between the monster and humans is ugliness, and the way in which Shelley writes reminds the reader of how cruel we ourselves are and makes us feel guilty.In being blind, DeLacy can accept him for who he is, but when this daydream is shattered Victor is his only hope at fulfilling his demand for a companion, subsequently providing justice, which Victor denies. The way he is mistreated turns him from an innocent creature into a vindictive, bloodthirsty monster. The three narrators are described by each other in great detail to help us understand more understandably their personalities and their characters. As the novel deals with some rather fantastical, disturbing ideas, it is understandably difficult to comprehend.However, the use of three narrators helps the reader to understand the complex ideas and breaks the novel down into sections which helps us to appreciate the complicated time and structure. It also shows us a more open-minded view of the characters. We see things from one perspective that we would not see from another, and thereof are able to independently have an opinion of the characters. Although I found the language and structure of the novel hard to com prehend, I did enjoy reading the novel and it has influenced the way in which I view the world, and brought awareness against ambition and isolation.

Jack Johnson and history of the wrench Essay

Jack Johnson was an amazing man that changed history. His contribution to the world (the wrench) is still used widely passim the world. The world and all things are either created by nature or man made, if man made it was probably constructed using hardware tools maybe including a wrench. Jack Johnson invented a history changing invention and patented it on April 18, 1922. This invention still changes lives today by putting together many of our belongings. Things ilk cars are repaired using a wrench and bicycles are made using wrenches. Things bid chairs, beds, tables, and shelves are usually either created or fixed using a wrench and other hardware materials.A wrench is a tool that is used by hand and is used for making and repairing things. A wrench privy loosen or tighten bolts, nuts, or nails using it adjustable teeth at the front of the tool. The first wrench was patented by Solymon Merrick in 1835. in that location is a variety of different wrenches that include Monkey Wre nch, Ratchet Wrench, Pipe Wrench, and the Rachetless Wrench, all of these different tools perform different functions. The wrench may seem like a simple hardware tool yet it is complicated, tedious, and a very precise piece of hardware.

Electronic Health Records Essay

IntroductionElectronic health records (also k at a timen as e- nones) nourish unremarkably replaced the conventional composing records used in medical facilities. This discussion describes how electronic health records deal provided a solution to a range of health c be procedures, generate offered cost savings and bene rack ups, and unperturbed stool greater potential for improvement through future efforts. Overall, this discussion documents the progress and demands for further comfort station in regards to electronic health records, presenting concepts, statistics, and recent analyses published by authorities on the topic. Through this, it is lucid that electronic health notes still have shortcomings that atomic number 18 commonly noted and targeted, but as they have solved many more problems inherent in preceding(prenominal) systems, they are the ideal path for reading and improvement in this area.Electronic health RecordsSince the development of electronic health rec ords, healthcare managers have been adapted to reach numerous solutions to previous problems in their systems this has included improved capacities to record and store the clinical and demographic information patients, the electrical condenser to observe or manage the results of laboratory tests, the capacity to give prescriptions, improved rest of managing billing data, and improved facilitation of analysis for clinical decisions. These improvements reveal the personality of challenges and demands relevant to operations using the previous form of records (paper), with electronic health records being substantially more organized, convenient, and manageable. According to Al-Ubaydli (70), the use of paper records had several(prenominal) implications.On the one hand, writing on paper fast and easy, so it fits well with clinical workflow. On the other hand, notes are only useful to the person who reads them, no to the one who writes them. When writing, quicken and brevity are essen tial as there are always more patients to visit and care for. But for the reader, speed means illegible handwriting and brevity means incomplete notes. This leads clinicians to ask patients questions to which the answers already exist in the notes (Al-Ubaydli 70). Moreover, as the author pointed out, paper is more difficult to transference or copy, leading to it ultimately decorous easiest to keep the records confined to one central place. With this, they cannot move as comfortably as the patient, and the chore of write tended to result in the patients being without a complete set of easily accessible records. Meanwhile, there are substantial space and cost requirements associated with storing paper records.The development of computer hardware, software, and improved data storage techniques eventually led to the development of efficient and effective software capable of storing patient data in punch databases, further allowing all data to be stored in a size-efficient manner t hat could also be easily transmitted. With the development of the internet, patient files could even be stored and transmitted online, providing an ideal backup for databases while improving the capacity for patients to have complete record sets sent to a range of facilities.The general motivation for creating these electronic health records was to address the problems inherent in the paper records, with the just about convenient aspect being the cost-effective constitution of storage and transmission the nature of this being a virtually free cost and nearly fast transmission made the desire and changes especially significant. Moreover, electronic health records would allow users to improve the capacity for users to index, sort, and pursuit through records faster than the time demanded to sort through the paper files manually (Al-Ubaydli 70). An additional benefit is the trim down potential for illegible notes, as the nature of the systems means that all data is entered in usin g stool computerized text characters.As mentioned, similar to the nature of demands and problems evident in the paper records, there are now demands for improving aspects of the electronic records. However, these problems can be addressed through improved organization, software, and other means that does not demand a drastic change in mediums, as was required to address the problems of the paper records. Al-Ubaydli (71) report that electronic health records must include checks and balances to audit and control access.Second, the user interfaces for adding to the records must become easier to that they fit better into clinical workflow and allow clinicians to do more in less time. Speech citation continues to improve, and the designers of templates continue to innovate. The author further points out that similar to the improved search engines of the internet (first challenging and thus drastically improved with developments like Google), electronic health records can be similarly improved without restructuring parallel to restructuring paper records.Other researchers have analyzed the nature of electronic health records, further elaborating on the nature of solutions and remaining demands. DeVoe et al. (351) pointed out that the clear and detailed recording of all received and recommended services should be considered the closely vital aspect of health records, which is most effectively addressed through electronic records rather than paper records. This further assists with insurance aspects, as the detailed and accurate aspects of recording services can improve coordination with claims and connect demands. DeVoe et al. (352) further asserted that electronic health records have the potential to assist researchers and policy makers with overcoming prior restrictions in examining services provided in CHCs.Meanwhile, Hoffman and Podgurski (425) reported on the growth of health care and pharmaceutical costs, frequency of excess medical procedures, evoked h ealthcare reforms, and critical roles of records in all of these processes. With this, comparative effectiveness research (conditioned emotional response) has commonly been coupled with electronic health records to show that many expensive procedures have had less desirable outcomes for comparable conditions that less expensive ones, pointing out the nature of some health care facilities and physicians. Meanwhile, however, some have argued that conditioned emotion is likely to lead to limited patient choices, improper rationing of health care, homogenized care, and potentially refusal of necessary treatments (Hoffman and Podgurski 425).Congress allocated $1.1 billion to CER through the American Reinvestment and Recovery Act, which included other aspects of improving and restructuring facilities. briefly it became evident that a unique application of CER could allow physicians to improve their decisions regarding treatment, as when coupled with electronic health records, physician s could conduct computer inquiries across a large database of patient records. Naturally, this would provide a worthy supplement to the patients history and literature. Hoffman and Podgurski (425) recommended that software be designed to summarize findings of queries by presenting the most relevant outcomes of patients with the most comparable conditions, while records be developed and stored in a manner which facilitates this. Thus, personalize comparison of treatment effectiveness or PCTE could become a phrase more common than CER in the future.ConclusionElectronic health care records have solved many of the problems that could not be effectively addressed through developments in the paper systems, with major improvements in the capacity to copy and transfer records, cost of storage, and clarity of information. Although this has led to implications for security and excessive copying, databases have been developed to improve the concerns in these areas. Moreover, researchers have proposed additional improvements in development as well as use, with records having the potential to serve as an cozy accessible databank, thereby improving understanding and decision making.Works CitedAl-Ubaydli, Mohammad. Personal Health Records A escape for Clinicians. John Wiley & Sons New York, NY, 2011.DeVoe, Jennifer, Rachel Gold, Patti McIntire, Jon Puro, and Susan Chauvie. Electronic Health Records vs Medicaid Claims Completeness of Diabetes Preventive Care Data in Community Health Centers. Annals of Family Medicine 9.4 (2011) 351-358.Hoffman, Sharona and Andy Podgurski. Improving Health Care Outcomes through Personalized Comparisons of Treatment Effectiveness ground on Electronic Health Records. Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 39.3 (2011) 425-436.

Compare and Contrast The Theology Of Judaism And Christianity

By theology we mean a rational and systematic battlefield of a religion. It is an analysis to understand a religious matter. This analysis helps us to understand more sincerely yours our religion, and also in the propagation of our religion.As we know, Judaism is the religion of Jewish people. Judaism theology follow monotheism i.e. belief in one single deity. Moreover Judaism theology says that God knows every social occasion, has unlimited power, has created the universe and is kind to everyone. The summation of believes of Jewish people is the written and oral Torah. Torah is a Hebrew word meaning teaching, instruction or law. It is basic whollyy a beat of five books of Moses also known as five laws of Moses. Moses is the Father and mind of all prophets.Torah says that all living and non living things in this world are creation of God. It is the God, who has wrought things, utilisation and shall work for ever. It says that creator is one and is incorporeal i.e. having no co rporeal qualities or in other nomenclature He has no material or physical form of substance. It says that creator was the first and exit be the last, and is the only one to be worshipped and none else. Torah also says that all words of prophets are true. It says that all our deeds andour thoughts are known by God. As there is a saying in Judaism, He who had formed their hearts altogether, He knows all their deeds. According to TorahGod rewards those who keep His commandments and punishes those who go beyond the limits of what is morally acceptable. One of the most ardent reliances of Jewish people is that there will be a resurrection or rebirth of God, but on the time decided by Him. It is believed that every man and cleaning woman on earth is like God, with a spiritual and always existing soul. Everyone is made to be the I mage and likeness of God.For most Jewish people, earth is the place where they are supposed to enjoy their life, not in the heaven. According to them, hard w ork and education are the paths directed by God to live a good life. They do not find accumulation of wealth to be an evil act as long as it is used in good deeds and charity. One can live a comfortable and cozy life following moral rules. They also promote honest sex and married life, but oppose adultery, premarital sex, homosexuality, abortion and these as sins. They say that pleasures life like drinking and dancing are good if not done in excess. One should not be habitat of much(prenominal) things.Judaism theology says that later death a person is sent to heaven or hell. Heaven is aimed to be dwelling of God and angels. And hell as home of devils and place where wicked people are punished.Now, if we communication about Christian theology, then there is a very clear doctrine or set of believes related to the Holy Trinity. It says that there is only one God, with three persons, the Father, the watchword and the Holy Spirit. Each person is fully God, but there are not three Gods but only one God. Christians consider God himself as a community of love. The father loves Son, and the Son loves the Father and this love of the Father to the Son and of the Son to the Father is the Holy Spirit. Three persons but only one true God. This is the most empyreal mystery of the Holy Trinity in the whole Bible. It is said that God is repeatedly the God of Abraham, the God of Issac and the God of Jacob, symbolizing the Holy Trinity. Abraham is God the father, Issac is God the Son and Jacob is God the Holy Spirit.In Christianity faith is the basis of a Christians life, the foundation of the Christian building. One of the faiths is that the person, who believes in the Son, has eternal life, whoever disobeys Him will not see life, but Gods wrath resets upon him.Christians take baptism a way by which the original sin is forgiven. Baptism is a sacrament instituted and ordered by Jesus Christ. By baptism we emerge as a new creature, a child of God and receive the gift of H oly Spirit. It is believed that after baptism our antiquated man dies and is buried with Christ. MoreoverIt is hat before baptism you are a child of the devil and after baptism you are child of God. A man who believes in Jesus, but do not receive baptism in his church is not a Christian.For a Christian it is not only important to believe in God but also to receive what God gives us. It means to give thanks to God for everything. This is the privy(p) of how to keep ourselves always happy and satisfied in our life. To give thanks to God for every thing is the first step to calm ourselves and face any storm in our life.REFRENCES-http//biblia.com/theology/maimonides.htmhttp//religion-cults.com/Christianity/be-pra.htm

UPS: How Brown Got Cool

What can cook do for you? More businesses and consumers are realizing the benefits of UPS are much more than than simply go to beding packages. With the put up image and symbolic representation revamp, business has been through the roof with more people taking advantage of the offerings of UPS. UPS was ready to claim more of the market share and influence consumers to think of and use UPS for their personal delivery and business needs.The Integrated marketing communications approach was the best solution to expose all of the offerings of UPS and how much of a benefit UPS is, non only for businesses but consumers as well. UPS was determined to change their image as a company and as a brand and has had extreme success in doing so. From the transformation of the UPS symbol, to the revamped advertising methods, to the UPS Store, more of the market has prime a way to utilize the services offered by UPS.Many consumers originally thought all UPS did was deliver packages and offer pac kage tracking, but with the integrated marketing communications approach, the market is now realizing all that is offered. seven-fold marketing approaches were necessary to reach a broader market. Instead of limiting the marketing to a particular group, the scene expands with dissimilar marketing approaches. Business print, trade print, industry specific print, and radio on a topical anesthetic market basis helped reach the masses while advertising different services provided to appeal to everyones needs.UPS made a conscious effort to reach five target markets which include shipping decision makers, front office decision makers, small business decision makers, senior level decision makers, and the newest target, the ratiocination consumer. For each market, the focus is on how can we help you. Offerings such as viewing and paying bills online, preparing burster reports to monitor shipping expenses, managing staffing for high volume shipping and receiving and even an online pac kaging advisor help to hear the needs of more people. Getting started, 1994-2013) Brand recall is extremely important in business. Most businesses project at having a brand recall rate of over 50% as a positive. UPS brand recall rate is between 97 and 98 percent which is a rate that is obviously distinguished the market and has a significant impact on profit, new business and repeat business.UPS has won ten-fold rewards and continuously earns high ratings in various fields including taking top place in node Loyalty Index which goes hand in hand with brand recall. For the fourth consecutive year, Brand Keys node Loyalty Engagement Index ranked UPS 1 in the Parcel Delivery category, citing brands best adapted to engage consumers and create loyal customers. (Business excellence, 2013) The new slogan What can brown do for you is then a catchy one but also provokes thought. The slogan paired with information on different aspects of UPS has allowed consumers and businesses to thi nk outside of the box and utilize the services offered to help them operate more sufficiently with grand ease.

Mental Health & The Workplace

Participants were randomly selected from an electronic version of the white pages and were sent informational letters regarding the direct to their home. A total of 2790 participants were obtained 1390 female and 1396 male, all over the age of 18 at time 1 2009. Time 2 (2010) consisted of participants from Time 1 who agreed to a follow-up and there was a 74% response rate (N=2024 927 female and 1147 male). All dependent variables were calculated using accredited questionnaires. Depression was measured using the Patient health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9).This questionnaire is a nine item scale constructed from the DSM-lVs diagnostic past tense month, how often were you bothered by feeling down, depressed, or hopeless? Responses were measured with frequency ranging from O (not at all) and 3 (nearly every day) and severity O (no belief) and 27 ( intense/clinical). Sickness absence and presenteeism were measured using the WHO Health and Work Performance Questionnaire. The questionnaire s recorded the number of days that were missed due to macrocosm sick physically and or mentally and the employees weekly work hours.Bullying was measured by having an operational definition provided for the participants and then being asked to report if they ever felt subjected to those behaviors. Job garble was measured using the Job Content Questionnaire communicate on a four point give carert scale (1 strongly disagree to 4=strongly agree) curious about how taxing their Job was. Table 1 depicts that individuals with mild depression show a stunt woman in estimated productivity cost, 1040$, when it has to do with annual sickness absence. For sickness absence this number is tripled comp ard to the employee without depression at 1616$.The annual costs for presenteeism followed similar trends showing that there is not much of an increase from moderately severe depressed employed and severe. The effects of depression on the individual ranges in the thousands of dollars annually c ompared to the employee who does not conduct from depression. Table 2 illustrates the costs that organizations face nationally. The majority of the costs can be traced back to the individuals who are suffering from mild depression despite severely depressed workers costing more individually.The total costs of depression nationally are under 8 billion. Table 3 (PAR=Population Attributable Risk, ORodd Ratios) shows that bullying is a significant predictor for depression (6% 0 2. 54 OR). Job strain without bullying had no significant effects. Regardless, the impact of the significant results of Job strain, Job strain and bullying, and bullying that is attributed to depression cost around 693 million. Lerner et al. (2010) also investigated the impact of depression on work performance and impact stressors. Like the previous study, Lerner et al. akes into consideration how stressful work place behaviors can either create or arouse depression. Much of this research is based on the Job de mand-control-support framework which indicates that work involving high psychologic demands will be harmful to health, whereas work involving control and/or social support will be protective (Lerner et al. , 2010, p. 205). apply a longitudinal cohort study surveys were distributed at 6,12, and 18 months. There were a total of 14,268 participants amid the ages of 18-62 years 286 of them being depressed and 193 of them being controls.

Islam Definition Essay

For the outgoing few months I halt been overseas working in the tremendous country of India. Ive observed many different things many unusual things ab come forward this country. India has a blanket(a) variety of cultures and religions. The holiday I have learned about is called Hajj.Hajj means to set out for a place. Hajj is the pilgrimage that Muslims make to Makkah or also called Mecca , Saudi Arabia, and is one of the fivesome basic requirements of Islam. It is a religious high point of a Muslims life and is an font that every Muslim dreams of being part of. Hajj is a religious obligation to be effect at least once in the course of the life of each Muslim law grants, and is a series of detailed rituals. It is a Muslims obligation to be mindful of their friends and family and to all humans whatsoever.Islamic pursual believe that every nation should have a unity so they can all righteousness God. They believe that through culture people will come together as a all told to praise God, and learn each others difficulties. All official duties be suppose to be completed between the ninth and thirteenth day of Hajj.There are three main mainstays that are to be performed during Hajj. The first pillar is to get into a state of Ihram and intend to perform the pilgrimage. The second pillar is to stay at the field of Arafat on the ninth day of Hajj. If the person cannot complete the pilgrimage indeed he/she will have to try to complete it the following year. The third pillar is additional circling of the Kaba which is done after the first pillar and is performed from the tenth day of Hajj till the end of the month.These past couple months in India have been a great experience. Ive learned a lot of pertly things, which has been something different for me. I would love to come bear and visit all of the people that I have met, because everyone was so nice. Learning about the Hajj was very interesting to me, and I will go back and share all of my experiences w ith everyone back home.

Finance questions Speech or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Finance questions - livery or Presentation Exampleou birth deposited $10,000 at your local savings and loan and have been offered an annual interest rate of 3% and the option of annual, semi-annual, or quarterly compounding. Which one give you choose and what is the dollar bill difference between the iii options?6. Your athletic department needs to purchase three passenger vans in three years. They project the cost at that time to be $120,000. Currently you have $98,000 set digression for the vans. What return on your money must you receive to be able to purchase the vans in three years?7. To entice a new coaching hire, you have promised her that you would deposit $10,000 each year for the attached thirty years in a retirement account that will pay 6% interest. How frequently will be waiting for the coach at the end of thirty years?8. You have dogged to build a new strength and conditioning center. The total cost of the project is $4 million. You have $1.5 million and will b e borrowing the balance for ten years at 6% interest. What be your MONTHLY payments?9. A prominent athletic booster has promised you a $500,000 gift in five years. You were certified by your local bank that they would be willing to give you that $500,000, discounted at 8% today. How much will they give